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英語真題閱讀理解試題及解析

時間:2024-10-18 16:09:13 127

    英語真題閱讀理解試題及解析uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      在學習、工作生活中,我們經(jīng)常跟試題打交道,借助試題可以更好地對被考核者的知識才能進行考察測驗。什么樣的試題才能有效幫助到我們呢?下面是小編精心整理的英語真題閱讀理解試題及解析,歡迎閱讀,希望大家能夠喜歡。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

    uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      英語真題閱讀理解試題及解析 1

      Passage 1uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      In todays fast-paced digital age, the concept of privacy has taken on a whole new meaning. With the increasing use of social media and the widespread collection of personal data by various entities, individuals are becoming more concerned about protecting their privacy.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      However, the battle for privacy is not an easy one. Many companies and organizations argue that the collection and analysis of personal data are necessary for providing better services and targeted advertising. On the other hand, privacy advocates stress the importance of safeguarding personal information and limiting the access of third parties.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      One of the main challenges in protecting privacy is the lack of clear regulations and guidelines. While some countries have implemented strict privacy laws, others are still lagging behind. This inconsistency makes it difficult for individuals to know exactly what their rights are and how to protect themselves.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Another issue is the complexity of technology. As new technologies emerge, it becomes harder to understand how personal data is being collected, stored, and used. This lack of transparency can lead to a sense of uneasiness among users.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Despite these challenges, there are steps that individuals can take to protect their privacy. One of the most important is to be aware of the privacy settings on social media platforms and other online services. By adjusting these settings, users can limit the amount of personal information that is visible to others.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      In addition, individuals should be cautious about sharing personal information online. This includes being careful about what they post on social media and only providing necessary information when using online services.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Finally, it is crucial for individuals to stay informed about privacy issues and advocate for stronger privacy protections. By speaking out and demanding change, we can help shape a future where privacy is respected and protected.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Questions:uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      1. What is the main concern of individuals in the digital age?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. The speed of technology.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. The convenience of social media.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. The protection of privacy.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. The quality of services.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      2. Why do companies and organizations collect personal data?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. To provide better services and targeted advertising.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. To violate peoples privacy.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. To sell personal information.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. To compete with other companies.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      3. What is one of the main challenges in protecting privacy?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. The high cost of privacy protection.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. The lack of clear regulations and guidelines.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. The complexity of peoples lives.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. The slow development of technology.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      4. What can individuals do to protect their privacy?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. Share as much personal information as possible.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. Ignore the privacy settings on social media.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. Be aware of privacy settings and be cautious about sharing personal information.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. Refuse to use any online services.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Answers and Explanations:uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      1. C. The passage mentions that in todays digital age, individuals are becoming more concerned about protecting their privacy.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      2. A. The text states that many companies and organizations argue that collecting personal data is necessary for providing better services and targeted advertising.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      3. B. One of the main challenges in protecting privacy is the lack of clear regulations and guidelines.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      4. C. The passage suggests that individuals can protect their privacy by being aware of the privacy settings on social media platforms and other online services and being cautious about sharing personal information online.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      英語真題閱讀理解試題及解析 2

      閱讀理解試題uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Passage OneuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      In todays digital age, the way we consume news has undergone a significant transformation. With the rise of social media and online platforms, people have access to a vast amount of information at their fingertips. However, this also brings challenges.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      One of the main issues is the spread of misinformation. False news stories can quickly go viral, causing confusion and even having a negative impact on society. To combat this, many news organizations are taking steps to ensure the accuracy of their reporting.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Another aspect to consider is the role of algorithms in shaping our news feeds. These algorithms are designed to show us content that is likely to interest us, but they can also create echo chambers, where we are only exposed to views that align with our own.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Questions:uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      1. What has caused the transformation in the way we consume news?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. The decline of traditional media.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. The rise of social media and online platforms.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. The lack of reliable news sources.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. The increase in misinformation.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      2. What is one of the main challenges brought by the new way of consuming news?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. Limited access to information.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. Difficulty in distinguishing true and false news.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. The slow spread of news.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. The dominance of traditional news organizations.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      3. What are algorithms designed to do?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. Spread misinformation.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. Create echo chambers.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. Show content that interests us.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. Suppress diverse views.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Passage TwouPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Environmental protection has become a global concern. As the worlds population continues to grow and industrialization expands, the pressure on the environment is increasing.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      One of the key areas of focus is reducing carbon emissions. Many countries are implementing policies to encourage the use of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. Additionally, efforts are being made to improve energy efficiency in buildings and transportation.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Another important aspect is waste management. With the growing amount of waste generated, finding sustainable solutions for disposal and recycling is crucial.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Questions:uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      1. Why has environmental protection become a global concern?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. Due to the decline in population.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. Because of the slowdown of industrialization.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. As the pressure on the environment increases.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. Since renewable energy sources are not available.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      2. What are many countries doing to reduce carbon emissions?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. Discouraging the use of renewable energy.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. Implementing policies to encourage renewable energy.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. Ignoring energy efficiency in buildings.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. Focusing only on transportation.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      3. What is crucial in waste management?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. Generating more waste.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. Disposing waste unsustainably.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. Finding sustainable solutions for disposal and recycling.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. Avoiding any efforts in waste management.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      答案解析uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Passage OneuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      1. B. The rise of social media and online platforms has caused the transformation in the way we consume news. The passage mentions that “With the rise of social media and online platforms, people have access to a vast amount of information at their fingertips.”uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      2. B. One of the main challenges is difficulty in distinguishing true and false news. The spread of misinformation makes it hard to tell what is real and what is false.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      3. C. Algorithms are designed to show content that is likely to interest us. As stated in the passage, “These algorithms are designed to show us content that is likely to interest us.”uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Passage TwouPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      1. C. Environmental protection has become a global concern as the pressure on the environment is increasing due to population growth and industrialization expansion.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      2. B. Many countries are implementing policies to encourage the use of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power to reduce carbon emissions.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      3. C. Finding sustainable solutions for disposal and recycling is crucial in waste management. With the growing amount of waste, sustainable solutions are needed.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      英語真題閱讀理解試題及解析 3

      閱讀理解試題uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Passage OneuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following passage.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      In todays digital age, where information is readily available at our fingertips, the way we learn and access knowledge has undergone a significant transformation. Online learning platforms have emerged as a popular alternative to traditional classroom settings. These platforms offer a wide range of courses, from academic subjects to vocational skills.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      One of the major advantages of online learning is its flexibility. Learners can access course materials at any time and from any location, allowing them to fit learning around their busy schedules. Moreover, online courses often provide interactive features such as discussion forums and video lectures, enhancing the learning experience.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      However, online learning also has its challenges. The lack of face-to-face interaction can make it difficult for some learners to stay motivated and engaged. Additionally, technical issues such as poor internet connectivity can disrupt the learning process.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      1. What is the main topic of the passage?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. The advantages and challenges of online learning.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. The transformation of learning in the digital age.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. The popularity of online learning platforms.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. The importance of traditional classroom settings.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      2. According to the passage, what is one advantage of online learning?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. It requires less time than traditional learning.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. It offers face-to-face interaction.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. It provides flexibility in learning.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. It is always free of technical issues.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      3. What is one challenge of online learning mentioned in the passage?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. Limited course options.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. Too much interaction.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. Lack of face-to-face interaction.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. High cost.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Passage TwouPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following passage.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      The environment is facing numerous challenges due to human activities. Pollution, deforestation, and climate change are some of the major issues that threaten the future of our planet. To address these problems, it is essential that we take immediate action.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      One way to reduce pollution is by promoting the use of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. These sources are clean and sustainable, and can help reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. Additionally, we can reduce waste by recycling and reusing materials.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Deforestation can be combated by implementing sustainable forestry practices and protecting existing forests. This not only helps preserve biodiversity but also plays a crucial role in regulating the climate.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      4. What are some of the major environmental challenges mentioned in the passage?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. Pollution, deforestation, and overpopulation.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. Pollution, deforestation, and climate change.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. Poverty, disease, and war.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. Natural disasters and terrorism.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      5. How can we reduce pollution?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. By increasing the use of fossil fuels.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. By promoting the use of renewable energy sources.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. By building more factories.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. By ignoring waste.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      6. What is the importance of protecting forests?uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      A. It helps increase deforestation.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      B. It provides more land for farming.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      C. It preserves biodiversity and regulates the climate.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      D. It has no significant importance.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      答案解析uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Passage OneuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      1. A. The passage discusses both the advantages (flexibility and interactive features) and challenges (lack of face-to-face interaction and technical issues) of online learning.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      2. C. The passage states that one of the major advantages of online learning is its flexibility. Learners can access course materials at any time and from any location.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      3. C. The lack of face-to-face interaction is mentioned as a challenge of online learning.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Passage TwouPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      4. B. The passage mentions pollution, deforestation, and climate change as major environmental challenges.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      5. B. The passage suggests reducing pollution by promoting the use of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      6. C. Protecting forests helps preserve biodiversity and plays a crucial role in regulating the climate.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      英語真題閱讀理解試題及解析 4

      When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals: they suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline”. The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest thatuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [A] large animals were vulnerable to the changing environment.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [B] small species survived as large animals disappeared.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [C] large sea animals may face the same threat today.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      32. We can infer from Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper thatuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [A] the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by 90%.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [B] there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [C] the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the original amount.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [D] the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      33. By saying “these figures are conservative” (Line 1, Paragraph 3), Dr. Worm means thatuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [A] fishing technology has improved rapidly.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [B] the catch-sizes are actually smaller then recorded.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [C] the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [D] the data collected so far are out of date..uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      34. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold thatuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [A] people should look for a baseline that can work for a longer time.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [B] fisheries should keep the yields below 50% of the biomass.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [C] the ocean biomass should be restored to its original level.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [D] people should adjust the fishing baseline to the changing situation.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      35. The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [A] management efficiency.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [B] biomass level.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [C] catch-size limits.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [D] technological application.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      名師解析uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest thatuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      提及大型史前動物的滅絕是為了說明uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [A] large animals were vulnerable to the changing environment.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      大型動物容易受到環(huán)境變化的影響。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [B] small species survived as large animals disappeared.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      當大型動物消失的時候小型物種存活了下來。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [C] large sea animals may face the same threat today.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      大型海洋動物今天面臨相同的威脅。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      成長緩慢的魚要比成長快速的魚活得長。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【答案】 CuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【考點】 推斷題。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【分析】 通過題干關(guān)鍵詞“大型史前動物的滅絕”可以定位到第一段。作者提到它們的滅絕是由于人類的捕殺,作者在第一段最后一句提到,“如今類似的事情可能會發(fā)生在海洋中”。因此可以得出結(jié)論,即,作者是為了引用大型史前動物的滅絕來引出海洋物種同樣面臨著由于人類過度捕撈而滅絕的這個話題,故正確答案是 [C] 。 [A] 、 [B] 、 [D] 選項都沒有能夠表達出作者的這個意圖,而只是很淺層去分析表象。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      32. We can infer from Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper thatuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      從邁爾斯博士和沃爾姆博士的論文中我們可以推斷出uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [A] the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by 90%.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      一些老漁場里大型捕食類魚種的貯存量已經(jīng)減少了 90% 。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [B] there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      現(xiàn)在漁場的數(shù)量只有 15 年前數(shù)量的一半。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [C] the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the original amount.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      新的漁場中的捕捉數(shù)量是原來數(shù)量的 20% 。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [D] the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      新的漁場里大型捕食類魚種的數(shù)目下降比舊的漁場快。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【答案】 AuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【考點】 推斷題。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【分析】 根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“ Dr Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper ”可以定位到第二段最后一句,“根據(jù)他們發(fā)表在《自然》雜志上的最新論文,一個新的漁場在被開發(fā)后的 15 年中大型捕食類魚種的生物量平均減少了 80% 。在有些長期捕撈的地區(qū),自那以后,這個數(shù)量又減少了一半?!北揪涞睦斫怆y點就是“ In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then. ”這句話里面的“ since ”從什么時間開始計算,影響本題的解答。“ since ”指的是從 15 年結(jié)束后開始算呢,還是從 15 年的第一年開始算。如果是前者,則答案是 [A] ,因為新的平均下降 80% ,然后又下降了一半,這個意思就是一共下降了 90% ;如果是后者,則得出舊漁場大型捕食類魚種的減少速度低于新漁場,而且只有 50% ?!?since ”接時間,后面必須是一個時間點。如果“ since ”后面接的不是一個時間點而是時間段,則從該時間段結(jié)束的時候開始算。例句:“ It has been 10 years since I lived in Beijing. ”這句話的意思不是“我在北京十年了”,而是“我離開北京十年了”。因此本題的正確答案是 [A] 。“ since ”接的是 15 年結(jié)束后的那個點;而且這句話里面還有一個很關(guān)鍵的詞“ again ” ( 再次 ) ,也很明顯說明這里指的是“在下降 80% 之后,又再次減少了一半”,即“余下的 20% 又減少了一半,只剩下 10% ”。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      33. By saying “ these figures are conservative ” (Line 1, Paragraph 3), Dr worm means thatuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      沃爾姆 博士說“ these figures are conservative ” ( 第三段第一行 ) ,他的意思是uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [A] fishing technology has improved rapidly. 捕魚的技術(shù)已經(jīng)得到快速提高。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [B] the catch-sizes are actually smaller than recorded. 捕魚量比實際記錄的少。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [C] the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss. 海洋生物量已經(jīng)蒙受了更大的損失。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [D] the data collected so far are out of date. 目前收集的數(shù)據(jù)已經(jīng)過時了。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【答案】 CuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【考點】 推斷題。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【分析】 根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“ conservative ”的提示定位到第三段第一句。作者說“這個數(shù)據(jù)是保守的,因為捕魚的技術(shù)已經(jīng)提高了。衛(wèi)星和聲納定位儀都用上了。這就意味著現(xiàn)在海里有更高比例的海洋生物被捕撈了?,F(xiàn)在和過去的真正差異可能比通過捕撈記錄的反映出來的差異更要糟糕。”接下來的一句話的意思是“以前一些抓不住的海洋生物現(xiàn)在都可以抓住了,以前被鯊魚搶走的,現(xiàn)在由于鯊魚都不見了,自然被捕撈的就更多了?!弊髡咄瑫r提到,“由于以前的捕撈技術(shù)不夠先進,所以以前對海里的生物的總量是低估的?!蹦敲次覀兛梢缘贸鲞@樣的結(jié)論“以前的海洋生物總量比我們當時估計的要高,而現(xiàn)在只剩下這么一點了”,就是說“海洋物種被捕撈的比例遠遠超過我們的記錄”。因此可以得出 [C] 的結(jié)論。 [A] 項的錯誤在于“捕魚的技術(shù)已經(jīng)得到快速的提高”這種提法僅僅是作者文中提到的一個原因,作者是為了用這個來證明有了這樣的科技,更多的海洋生物就被捕撈了,而不是為了說明技術(shù)得到提高。 [B] 試圖比較當時的捕撈量與記錄的差別。但是原文說的是今天和過去的真實差別比那個記錄反映出來的差別要嚴重的多。 [D] 的說法是沒有根據(jù)的。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      34. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold thatuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      邁爾斯博士以及其他一些研究人員堅持認為uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [A] people should look for a baseline that can work for a longer time.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      人們應(yīng)該尋找一種能夠更長時間起作用的基準。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [B] fisheries should keep the yields below 50% of the biomass.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      漁場應(yīng)該將產(chǎn)量保持在生物量的 50% 以下。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [C] the ocean biomass should be restored to its original level.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      海洋生物的數(shù)量應(yīng)該恢復(fù)到原來的水平。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [D] people should adjust the fishing baseline to the changing situation.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      人們應(yīng)該根據(jù)變化的形勢調(diào)整捕魚數(shù)量的基準。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【答案】 DuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【考點】 事實細節(jié)題。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【分析】 本題提到“ Dr. Myers ”和其他一些研究者的主張,題干中用到了“ hold ”,而其近義詞就是“ argue ”,定位到最后一段第一句。“ Dr. Myers ”和“ Dr. Worm ”堅持認為“他們的工作是給出準確的捕撈數(shù)量基準,它是未來的管理工作必定要考慮的”,他們相信自己的數(shù)據(jù)支持了目前海洋生物學家的觀點,即“變化的底線”。也就是說,“人們應(yīng)該根據(jù)變化的.形勢調(diào)整捕魚數(shù)量的基準”,所以正確答案是 [D] 。 [A] 不正確的原因是文章中沒有提到持續(xù)時間更長,文章最后一段提到時間太短指的是調(diào)查研究的跨度年份很短。和基數(shù)沒有關(guān)系 [B] 不是“ Dr. Myers ”堅持的主張,而是理論狀態(tài)下的海洋生物生產(chǎn)。 [C] 與原文的意思也不符合。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      35. The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      作者看上去主要關(guān)注大多數(shù)漁場的uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [A] management efficiency. 經(jīng)營效率。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [B] biomass level. 生物量水平。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [C] catch-size limits. 捕撈量的限制。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      [D] technological application. 技術(shù)應(yīng)用。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【答案】 BuPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【考點】 文章主旨題。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【分析】 本題問的是作者最關(guān)注的是漁場的哪一個方面,這個問題實際上考的是文章的主旨。從前到后,作者一直在提過度捕撈對海洋生物量的影響。 [A] 顯然不是本文的重點。 [D] 在文章中只是被作者引用來表示現(xiàn)在的海洋生物被過度捕撈。 [C] 在文中最后一段有提及,但是顯然不是文章的主題。作者最關(guān)心的是海洋生物量的變化,因此正確答案選 [B] 項。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      難句解析 :uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      1. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本句是一個并列句,連接詞是“ so ”。前一個分句中,“ that means ” 后面省略了賓語從句連接詞“ that ”,在這個賓語從句中,“ a higher proportion of what is in the sea ”是主語,“ is being caught ”是謂語部分。這個主語里面又包含了一個由“ what ”引導的從句,做介詞“ of ”的賓語。后一個分句是一個比較級結(jié)構(gòu),主語是“ the real difference ”,“ the one ”代替“ the difference ”,“ recorded ”是過去分詞做后置定語。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      2. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 這里是兩個句子。之所以把第一句拿來一起分析,是因為這句話的理解對第二句的理解很重要。第一句話中的“ would have been more saturated ”是虛擬語氣的一種,是對過去未能發(fā)生的事情的一種假設(shè)。隨后一句,仍然是虛擬語氣。我們來分析一下這個結(jié)構(gòu)。“ since ”指的是原因,即,“當時怎么就沒有這樣的可以裝誘餌的魚鉤”,其實際意思是“如果當初有這樣的魚鉤,一些海洋生物個體就不會被抓不住”。“ leading ”是現(xiàn)在分詞引導結(jié)果狀語。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      3. The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本句的主句是“ The notion is that… ”,“ that ”引導表語從句。在這個表語從句中,“ people have failed to detect the massive changes ”是句子的主謂賓,“ which ”引導一個定語從句,指代“ changes ”?!?because ”引導一個原因狀語從句,在表語從句中表示原因。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      4. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels.uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本句的主句是“ that matters ”,“ because ”引導一個原因狀語從句。在這個從句中,“ theory suggests ”是主句,“ suggest ”后面的“ that ”引導一個賓語從句。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      全文翻譯:uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      當史前人類來到世界的各個新區(qū)域時,一些奇怪的事情也會發(fā)生在當?shù)氐拇笮蛣游锷砩稀K鼈兺蝗痪蜏缃^了,較小的物種存活了下來。生長緩慢的大型的動物很容易成為獵物,很快被獵殺而滅絕。現(xiàn)在類似的情形也可能正在海洋中發(fā)生。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      人們知道海洋被過度捕撈這個事實已經(jīng)很多年了。邁爾斯博士和沃爾姆博士這樣的研究人員所展示的情況說明了變化有多快。他們研究了全世界漁場半個世紀的數(shù)據(jù)。他們的方法不是試圖確切估計在具體某地方的海洋中魚類的量,而是估計該地區(qū)生物量隨著時間推移的變化。根據(jù)他們發(fā)表在《自然》雜志上的最新論文,一個新的漁場在被開發(fā)后的頭 15 年中大型捕食類魚種的生物量平均減少了 80% 。在有些長期捕撈的地區(qū)這個數(shù)量隨后又減少了一半。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      沃爾姆 博士承認這些數(shù)據(jù)是保守的。其中一個原因是捕魚技術(shù)已經(jīng)得到發(fā)展,今天的船只可以使用衛(wèi)星和聲納定位儀來尋找獵物,這些在 50 年前都還沒有。這意味著更高比例的海洋生物正在被捕撈,因此現(xiàn)在和過去的真正差異可能比捕撈量記錄反映的差異更要糟糕。以前,多鉤長線本可以抓更多的魚,但是因為當時沒有可用來捕捉它們的帶魚餌的鉤,個別的魚在當時就沒有被捉住,這導致了過去對魚的貯存量的低估。而且,在用多鉤長線捕撈的初期,許多魚被鉤住后又被鯊魚奪走。而現(xiàn)在這不再是問題,因為附近的鯊魚更少了。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

      邁爾斯博士和沃爾姆博士認為他們的工作給出了準確的捕撈數(shù)量基準,它是未來的管理工作必須要考慮在內(nèi)的。他們認為這些數(shù)據(jù)支持了現(xiàn)在海洋學家的一種觀點,即“變化的底線”。這種觀點認為人們沒有檢測出海洋中已經(jīng)發(fā)生的巨大變化,因為他們只回顧了過去相當短的一段時期。這有很大的影響,因為理論顯示,漁場中要獲得最大可持續(xù)產(chǎn)量,目標物種的生物量需要維持在原來水平的約 50% 。但是大部分漁場低于這個水平,這可不是好的商業(yè)做法。uPt萬博士范文網(wǎng)-您身邊的范文參考網(wǎng)站Vanbs.com

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